271059/271347/E-02472/E-04036 Representative Edcel C. Lagman, substituted by Albay First District Representative Krisel B. Lagman, et al. Vs. The Congress of the Philippines, et al./Aquilino “Koko” Pimentel III and Pantaleo “Bebot” Alvarez Vs. Lucas P. Bersamin, in his capacity as executive secretary, and Amenah F. Pangandaman, in her capacity as secretary of the Department of Budget and Management/Filipinos for Peace, Justice and Progress Movement, Inc. (FPJPM), represented by its president and chairperson, Joseph F. Cadsawan, and Gloria T. Puzon, chapter Officer Vs. The House of Representatives, et al./Edgar R. Erice and Leila De Lima Vs. The Senate of the Philippines, et al. — Official PDF

Decision 32 G.R. Nos. 271059, 271347, E-02472 and E-04036 Conference Committee report. In his Concurring Opinion, Justice Dimaampao keenly observes that "the evaluation of whether the President's .certification is justified falls within the proviBce of Congress, as the branch which must naturally respond to the certification."168 The presidential certification of urgency is not a command for Congress to vote immediately. By allowing voting without the required period for - regular bills, it only provides Congress with a signal of the urgency of the passage of the law. Ill To resolve the other substantive issues would require an understanding of the complex process of government budgeting. Budgeting, in simple tenns, is the process of allocating scarce resources· among competing public demands and wants to attain societal goals and objectives. It involves rhaking choices about ends and the means to reach those ends. The 1987 Constitution declares the State policy to promote economic development, giving the highest priority to social justice and human rights. Article II Declaration of Principles and State Policies SECTION 9. The State shall promote a just and dynamic social order that will ensure the prosperity and independence of the nation and free the people from poverty through policies that provide adequate social services, promote full employment, a rising standard of living, and an improved quality of life for all. SECTION I 0. The State shall promote social justice in all phases of national development. SECTION 17. The State shall give priority to education, science and technology, arts, culture, and sports to foster patriotism and nationalism, accelerate social progress, and promote total human liberation and development. Article XIII Social Justice and Human Rights SECTION I. The Congress shall give; highest priority to the enactment of measures that protect and e;nhance the right of all the people to human dignity, reduce social, economic, and political inequalities, and remove cultural inequities by equitably diffusing wealth and political power for the common good. 168 J. Dimaampao, ConcmTing Opinion, p. 2.